Análisis del Microbiota Existente en el Cultivo de Banano en la Agrícola Xavier Euclides
Palabras clave:
banano, microbiota, bacterias, hongos
Resumen
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el microbiota transportado por insectos presentes en cultivos de banano en la Agrícola Xavier Euclides, ubicada en la provincia de El Oro, Ecuador. Mediante métodos microbiológicos clásicos, como siembra en medios selectivos, tinción de Gram, método de la cinta adhesiva y observación microscópica, se identificaron bacterias y hongos asociados a insectos como Monomorium minimum, Syrphus ribesii, Forficula auricularia y Pyrophorus noctiluca. Entre los microorganismos de mayor relevancia se encontraron bacterias como Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas spp. y Bacillus spp., junto con hongos entomopatógenos como Beauveria bassiana y Metarhizium anisopliae. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian el importante papel ecológico que desempeñan los insectos como vectores de microorganismos capaces de intervenir en procesos de descomposición, competencia microbiana y control biológico natural dentro del agroecosistema bananero. Además, se observó que estos microorganismos pueden influir directamente en la dinámica fitosanitaria del cultivo, ya sea como patógenos o potenciales bioinoculantes para el manejo integrado de plagas y enfermedades. Finalmente, se resalta la importancia de continuar con estudios moleculares complementarios que permitan una caracterización más precisa de estos agentes y evaluar su aplicabilidad dentro de programas sostenibles de manejo sanitario en el cultivo de banano.
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Cruz Saquicela, P. S., Romanova, E. V., Guamán Guamán, R. N., Ulloa Cortázar, S. M., & Villavicencio Abril, Á. F. (Marzo de 2023). Caracterización morfológica y bioquímica de Ralstonia solanacearum raza 2, bacteria patógena en cultivos de banano y plátano en El Carmen, Manabí, Ecuador. SIEMBRA, 10. https://doi.org/10.29166/siembra.v10i1.4305
Díaz-Urbano, M., Nieves Goicoechea, Velasco, P., & Poveda, J. (2023, April). Development of agricultural bio-inoculants based on mycorrhizal fungi and endophytic filamentous fungi: Co-inoculants for improve plant-physiological responses in sustainable agriculture. Biological Control, 182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2023.105223
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Erkenci, E., Delen, D., & Tuncer, C. (2022). Cultural characterization of Beauveria bassiana isolates on different media. . Biocontrol Science and Technology, 32(4), 553-568. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2022.2047596
Evans, H., Elliot, S. L., & Hughes, D. (2018). Epitypification and re-description of the zombie-ant fungus, Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae). Fungal Systematics and Evolution, 1, 1-20. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326819858
Gómez Lama, C., Fernández-Gonzalez, A. J., Cardoni, M., Valverde-Corredor, A., López-Cepero, J., Fernández-López, M., & Mercado-Blanco, J. (March de 2021). The Banana Root Endophytome: Differences between Mother Plants and Suckers and Evaluation of Selected Bacteria to Control Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense. Joumal of Fungi, 7(194). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7030194
Gutiérrez, Y., Alarcón, K., Ortiz, C., Santos-Holguín, J. M., García-Riaño, J. L., Mejía, C., & Uribe-Gutiérrez, L. (2024). Isolation and characterization of a native strain of Beauveria bassiana targeting palm weevil (Dynamis borassi) in Colombia. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 40(5), e10444. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-024-03894-5
Hernández-Melchor, V., Salgado-Noguera, E. A., & Molina-Fernández, A. (2022). The core bacterial microbiome of banana (Musa spp.) across plant compartments and soil types. Microbial Ecology, 83(4), 1123-1138. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-021-01852-0
Jhonson, A. R., Pérez, L. G., & Morales, V. T. (2021). Morphological and molecular identification of entomopathogenic fungi from insects in Argentina. Journal of Mycology, 19(3).
Li , Y., Chang, L., Xu, K., Zhang, S., Gao, F., & Fan, Y. (2023). Research Progresses on the Function and Detection Methods of Insect Gut Microbes. Microorganisms, 11(5). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051208
Lin , W.-p., JIANG, N.-h., PENG, L., FAN, X.-y., GAO, Y., WANG, G.-p., & CAI, K.-z. (2020). Silicon impacts on soil microflora under Ralstonia Solanacearum inoculation. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(1)(251-264). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095 3119(18)62122 7
Lopes, T. D., Santos, L., & de Carvalho, M. (2020). Microbiota associada a insetos detritívoros em sistemas agrícolas tropicais. Revista de Ciências Agrárias, 43(2), 230-239. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.18034
Mohamed, A., Farooq, M., & Pathak, M. (2023). Identification and Characterization of Bacterial Community Associated with the Chewed Feeding Waste of Red Palm Weevil in Infested Date Palm Trees. . Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 11, 80-93. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4236/abb.2020.113007
Montong, V., & Salaki, C. (2020). Los insectos como portadores deRalstonia solanacearum. Revista internacional de investigación en tecnología química, 13(01), 199-205. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.20902/IJCTR.2019.130124
Murray, P., & Rosenthal, K. (2025). Medical Microbiology (10.ª ed.). https://doi.org/ISBN 13: 978 0443261336
Murray, P., Sandle, T., & Vega, R. (2025). Medical Microbiology (10.ª ed.). Elsevier.
Murray, P., Vega , R., & Lopes. , T. (2020). Microbiota asociada a insectos y su rol en agroecosistemas. Revista de entomolegia agrícola, 42(2), 55-64.
Musabyemungu, A., Nath Tripathi, J., Muiruri, S. K., Gaidashova, S. V., Rukundo, P., & Tripathi, L. (2025). Genetic Improvement of Banana for Resistance to Xanthomonas Wilt in East Africa. Food and Energy Security, 14. https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70048
Ploetz, R. C., J. Kema, G. H., & Jun Ma, L. (May de 2015). Impact of Diseases on Export and Smallholder Production of Banana. ANNUAL REVIEWS Further, 53. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev phyto 080614 120305
Prasannath, K. (2017). Plant defense-related enzymes against pathogens: a review. AGRIEAST Journal Of Agricultural Sciences, 11(38). https://doi.org/10.4038/agrieast.v11i1.33
Safni, I., Subandiyah, S., & Fegan, M. (2018, March). Ecology, Epidemiology and Disease Management of Ralstonia syzygii in Indonesia. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9(419). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00419
Sharma, D., & Singh, Y. (2019). Caracterización de Ralstonia solanacearum aislados mediante métodos bioquímicos, culturales y moleculares. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(4). https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2019/vol8issue4/PartAU/8-4-392-512.pdf
Singh, V., Sharma, R., Jaiswal, D. K., & Kumar, A. (2021). Role of insect-borne microbiomes in plant health and disease management: A review. Microbiological Research, 248. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2021.126749
Souza Junior, C. A., Marcon, J., M. Andrade, P. A., Silva , J. A., F. Faraldo, M. I., Q. Verdi, M. C., Melo Filho, A. A., & Azevedo, J. L. (2018, September). Endophytic Bacterial and Fungi Associated to Banana Leaves (Musa spp.) Cultivated Under Organic Management. Journal of Agricultural Science, 10(10). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n10p460
van Roosmalen, J., & de Bekker, C. (2024). Mechanisms underlying Ophiocordyceps infection and behavioral manipulation of ants. Annual Review of Entomology, 69, 453-475. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-042323-031236
Vega, R. (2020). Interacciones microbianas en cultivos de banano: Una revisión agroecológica. Revista Ecuatoriana de Estudios Agroindustriales, 8(1), 45-60.
Wang, L., Huang, Y., Zhang, T., & Zhang, X. (2024). Endophytic establishment of Beauveria bassiana and its effects on pest suppression in cereal crops. Insects, 16(3), 287. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16030287
Ye, L., Wang, X., Wei, S., Qixia, Z., He, S., & Zhou, L. (November de 2022). Dynamic analysis of the microbial communities and metabolome of healthy banana rhizosphere soil during one growth cycle. PeerJ, 10. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14404
Zhou, D., Jing, T., Yufeng, C., Wang, F., Dengfeng, Q., Feng, R., Jianghui, X., & Li, H. (2019). Decipherimg microbial diversity associated with Fusarium wilt-diseased and disease-free banana rhizosphere soil. BMC Microbiology. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-019-1531-6
Chaudhary, R., Nawaz, A., Khattak, Z., Arslan Butt, M., Fouillaud, M., Dufossé, L., Munir, M., Haq, I., & Mukhtar, H. (2024, September). Microbial bio-control agents: A comprehensive analysis on sustainable pest management in agriculture. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2024.101421
Ciancio, A., Rosso, L. C., Lopez-Cepero, J., & Colagiero, M. (2022, June). Rhizosphere 16S-ITS Metabarcoding Profiles in Banana Crops Are Affected by Nematodes, Cultivation, and Local Climatic Variations. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.855110
Cruz Saquicela, P. S., Romanova, E. V., Guamán Guamán, R. N., Ulloa Cortázar, S. M., & Villavicencio Abril, Á. F. (Marzo de 2023). Caracterización morfológica y bioquímica de Ralstonia solanacearum raza 2, bacteria patógena en cultivos de banano y plátano en El Carmen, Manabí, Ecuador. SIEMBRA, 10. https://doi.org/10.29166/siembra.v10i1.4305
Díaz-Urbano, M., Nieves Goicoechea, Velasco, P., & Poveda, J. (2023, April). Development of agricultural bio-inoculants based on mycorrhizal fungi and endophytic filamentous fungi: Co-inoculants for improve plant-physiological responses in sustainable agriculture. Biological Control, 182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2023.105223
Drenth, A., & Guest, D. I. (2016). Fungal and Oomycete Diseases of Tropical Tree Fruit Crops. ANNUAL REVIEWS Further, 54(373-395). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080615-095944
Erkenci, E., Delen, D., & Tuncer, C. (2022). Cultural characterization of Beauveria bassiana isolates on different media. . Biocontrol Science and Technology, 32(4), 553-568. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2022.2047596
Evans, H., Elliot, S. L., & Hughes, D. (2018). Epitypification and re-description of the zombie-ant fungus, Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae). Fungal Systematics and Evolution, 1, 1-20. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326819858
Gómez Lama, C., Fernández-Gonzalez, A. J., Cardoni, M., Valverde-Corredor, A., López-Cepero, J., Fernández-López, M., & Mercado-Blanco, J. (March de 2021). The Banana Root Endophytome: Differences between Mother Plants and Suckers and Evaluation of Selected Bacteria to Control Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense. Joumal of Fungi, 7(194). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7030194
Gutiérrez, Y., Alarcón, K., Ortiz, C., Santos-Holguín, J. M., García-Riaño, J. L., Mejía, C., & Uribe-Gutiérrez, L. (2024). Isolation and characterization of a native strain of Beauveria bassiana targeting palm weevil (Dynamis borassi) in Colombia. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 40(5), e10444. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-024-03894-5
Hernández-Melchor, V., Salgado-Noguera, E. A., & Molina-Fernández, A. (2022). The core bacterial microbiome of banana (Musa spp.) across plant compartments and soil types. Microbial Ecology, 83(4), 1123-1138. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-021-01852-0
Jhonson, A. R., Pérez, L. G., & Morales, V. T. (2021). Morphological and molecular identification of entomopathogenic fungi from insects in Argentina. Journal of Mycology, 19(3).
Li , Y., Chang, L., Xu, K., Zhang, S., Gao, F., & Fan, Y. (2023). Research Progresses on the Function and Detection Methods of Insect Gut Microbes. Microorganisms, 11(5). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051208
Lin , W.-p., JIANG, N.-h., PENG, L., FAN, X.-y., GAO, Y., WANG, G.-p., & CAI, K.-z. (2020). Silicon impacts on soil microflora under Ralstonia Solanacearum inoculation. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(1)(251-264). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095 3119(18)62122 7
Lopes, T. D., Santos, L., & de Carvalho, M. (2020). Microbiota associada a insetos detritívoros em sistemas agrícolas tropicais. Revista de Ciências Agrárias, 43(2), 230-239. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.18034
Mohamed, A., Farooq, M., & Pathak, M. (2023). Identification and Characterization of Bacterial Community Associated with the Chewed Feeding Waste of Red Palm Weevil in Infested Date Palm Trees. . Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 11, 80-93. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4236/abb.2020.113007
Montong, V., & Salaki, C. (2020). Los insectos como portadores deRalstonia solanacearum. Revista internacional de investigación en tecnología química, 13(01), 199-205. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.20902/IJCTR.2019.130124
Murray, P., & Rosenthal, K. (2025). Medical Microbiology (10.ª ed.). https://doi.org/ISBN 13: 978 0443261336
Murray, P., Sandle, T., & Vega, R. (2025). Medical Microbiology (10.ª ed.). Elsevier.
Murray, P., Vega , R., & Lopes. , T. (2020). Microbiota asociada a insectos y su rol en agroecosistemas. Revista de entomolegia agrícola, 42(2), 55-64.
Musabyemungu, A., Nath Tripathi, J., Muiruri, S. K., Gaidashova, S. V., Rukundo, P., & Tripathi, L. (2025). Genetic Improvement of Banana for Resistance to Xanthomonas Wilt in East Africa. Food and Energy Security, 14. https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70048
Ploetz, R. C., J. Kema, G. H., & Jun Ma, L. (May de 2015). Impact of Diseases on Export and Smallholder Production of Banana. ANNUAL REVIEWS Further, 53. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev phyto 080614 120305
Prasannath, K. (2017). Plant defense-related enzymes against pathogens: a review. AGRIEAST Journal Of Agricultural Sciences, 11(38). https://doi.org/10.4038/agrieast.v11i1.33
Safni, I., Subandiyah, S., & Fegan, M. (2018, March). Ecology, Epidemiology and Disease Management of Ralstonia syzygii in Indonesia. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9(419). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00419
Sharma, D., & Singh, Y. (2019). Caracterización de Ralstonia solanacearum aislados mediante métodos bioquímicos, culturales y moleculares. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(4). https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2019/vol8issue4/PartAU/8-4-392-512.pdf
Singh, V., Sharma, R., Jaiswal, D. K., & Kumar, A. (2021). Role of insect-borne microbiomes in plant health and disease management: A review. Microbiological Research, 248. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2021.126749
Souza Junior, C. A., Marcon, J., M. Andrade, P. A., Silva , J. A., F. Faraldo, M. I., Q. Verdi, M. C., Melo Filho, A. A., & Azevedo, J. L. (2018, September). Endophytic Bacterial and Fungi Associated to Banana Leaves (Musa spp.) Cultivated Under Organic Management. Journal of Agricultural Science, 10(10). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n10p460
van Roosmalen, J., & de Bekker, C. (2024). Mechanisms underlying Ophiocordyceps infection and behavioral manipulation of ants. Annual Review of Entomology, 69, 453-475. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-042323-031236
Vega, R. (2020). Interacciones microbianas en cultivos de banano: Una revisión agroecológica. Revista Ecuatoriana de Estudios Agroindustriales, 8(1), 45-60.
Wang, L., Huang, Y., Zhang, T., & Zhang, X. (2024). Endophytic establishment of Beauveria bassiana and its effects on pest suppression in cereal crops. Insects, 16(3), 287. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16030287
Ye, L., Wang, X., Wei, S., Qixia, Z., He, S., & Zhou, L. (November de 2022). Dynamic analysis of the microbial communities and metabolome of healthy banana rhizosphere soil during one growth cycle. PeerJ, 10. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14404
Zhou, D., Jing, T., Yufeng, C., Wang, F., Dengfeng, Q., Feng, R., Jianghui, X., & Li, H. (2019). Decipherimg microbial diversity associated with Fusarium wilt-diseased and disease-free banana rhizosphere soil. BMC Microbiology. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-019-1531-6
Publicado
2025-08-30
Cómo citar
Marín Martillo, A. M., Marín Cuenca, F. A., Quevedo Guerrero, J. N., & Vera Cruz, E. F. (2025). Análisis del Microbiota Existente en el Cultivo de Banano en la Agrícola Xavier Euclides. Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar, 9(3), 11530-11549. https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v9i3.19087
Número
Sección
Ciencias y Tecnologías
Derechos de autor 2025 Angie Mishell Marín Martillo, Félix Agustín Marín Cuenca, José Nicasio Quevedo Guerrero, Edison Fabricio Vera Cruz
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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