Mecanismos moleculares en afección miocárdica fetal inducida por diabetes mellitus gestacional: Artículo de Revisión
Resumen
Introducción: La Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG) es una condición metabólica compleja que afecta la salud materna y fetal, la cuál a incrementado su diagnóstico en los últimos años. Se ha asociado con anomalías cardiacas fetales (ACF), por lo que es fundamenteal conocer las bases moleculares de su desarrollo. Objetivo: Analizar literatura científica actual, para identificar mecanismos y vías moleculares clave implicados en la afección miocárdica fetal. Metodología: Consulta de bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus y Web of Science. Las publicaciones consideradas fueron del periodo 2019-2024 y excluyendo artículos que analizaran alteraciones cardíacas fetales no relacionadas con DMG. Resultados: Se reconocieron genes, mecanismos y vías moleculares, así como mecanismos clave en la morfogénesis cardíaca, particularmente vías relacionadas con la hiperglucemia e hiperinsulinemia, desregulación de factores de crecimiento, de genes encargados del desarrollo miocárdico, que conducen a ACF.Conclusión: La hiperglucemia e hiperinsulinemia materna y fetal, conducen a modificación de la expresión de genes y crecimiento celular miocárdico en la ACF asociada con DMG.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Héctor Murillo Bargas, María Guadalupe Sánchez Parada, Alejandro Salvador Gómez Cabrera, Ana Elizabeth González Santiago
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