Manejo anestésico de los tumores supratentoriales
Resumen
Los tumores supratentoriales son neoplasias localizadas en la región del cerebro por encima de la tienda del cerebelo, afecta estructuras importantes como los hemisferios cerebrales, el tálamo y los ganglios basales. Los gliomas son los tumores más frecuentes y se originan de las células gliales, las cuales se encargan de brindar soporte y protección a las neuronas. Los gliomas incluyen astrocitomas, oligodendrogliomas y glioblastomas, con diferentes grados de agresividad y pronóstico. El manejo quirúrgico de los tumores supratentoriales representa un desafío debido a la complejidad anatómica y la proximidad a áreas funcionales críticas. El uso correcto de la anestesia es importante para garantizar la seguridad del paciente y optimizar los resultados quirúrgicos. La elección del agente anestésico influye en la presión intracraneal, la perfusión cerebral y la neuroprotección, siendo importantes para resección tumoral. Las técnicas como la anestesia despierta permiten preservar funciones neurológicas durante la cirugía, facilitando la identificación de áreas cerebrales elocuentes. Los beneficios de un manejo anestésico adecuado incluyen la estabilidad hemodinámica, el control de la presión intracraneal, la prevención de crisis convulsivas intraoperatorias y una recuperación neurológica más rápida.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Ana Cristina Oscuez Mayorga , Omar Antonio Rodríguez Álvarez, Valeria Michell González Gómez, Dave Carlos Arana González , Anggie Nicole San Wong Pazmiño

Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.