Metales pesados en la producción ganadera lechera y riesgos a la salud humana
Resumen
La presencia y distribución de metales pesados se ha generalizado a nivel mundial esto debido a que su tasa de transporte, distribución y bioacumulación es elevada, apoyada en el incremento de los procesos industriales, minero, el crecimiento de la agricultura, ganadería tecnifica, y problemas de contaminación, la incidencia de estos elementos se ha tornado ubica, convirtiéndose en un tema de preocupación mundial, su ingreso a los principales sistemas de producción tal es el caso de la ganadería y su existencia en los principales alimentos que consumen las personas, tal es el caso de la leche de vaca. El objetivo de la presente revisión radicó en la identificación y descripción de las principales fuentes de contaminación por metales pesados en la ganadería partiendo de las de origen antrópico, revisando las de origen natural y diversos aspectos de producción que influyen en el incremento de la contaminación, también se analizó la trasferencia de estos elementos hacia el animal, incidencias en la salud y productividad, seguido de la identificación de los principales metales pesados como arsénico (As), aluminio (Al), cobre (Cu), Hierro (Fe), mercurio (Hg), niquel (Ni), cadmio (Cd) y plomo (Pb), cuya presencia en la leche presentan un riesgo para la salud humana, lográndose reportar las principales concentraciones referenciales establecidas por las normas internacionales en leche para asegurar la salud alimentaria.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Damaris Leiva Tafur;Rainer Marco López Lapa
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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