Traducción y adaptación de autorreportes interoceptivos en contextos transculturales: revisión exploratoria sobre MAIA-2 y BPQ-SF
Resumen
La interocepción es fundamental para el bienestar físico y psicológico, así como para diversas funciones cognitivas. Entre los instrumentos más utilizados para su evaluación subjetiva están el Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness – version 2 (MAIA-2) y el Body Perception Questionnaire – Short Form (BPQ-SF) que en conjunto proveen una evaluación integral y complementaria. Aunque han sido aplicados ampliamente en contextos culturales diversos, se desconoce en qué medida han sido traducidos y adaptados de forma adecuada. Se realizó una revisión exploratoria en la base de datos Scopus, incluyendo artículos publicados desde la creación de ambos instrumentos hasta diciembre de 2024. Se identificaron 80 estudios que utilizaron el MAIA-2 y 40 que emplearon el BPQ-SF (con 2 estudios utilizando ambas escalas); más del 75 % no reportaron procesos sistemáticos de traducción o adaptación, y sólo una minoría mencionó traducción inversa, revisión por expertos o pruebas piloto. Esto indica una falta de evidencia sobre su validez transcultural, lo cual podría implicar un sesgo sistemático no cuantificable en su aplicación. Se discuten posibles implicaciones, y se enfatiza la necesidad de promover metodologías accesibles, prácticas, y documentadas para la adaptación lingüística y cultural de escalas interoceptivas.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Adrián Alberto Andaverde-Vega, Salvador Trejo, María Elena Flores Villavicencio, Neyda Mendoza Ruvalcaba, Francisco Quiñones Tapia
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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