Análisis Lingüístico Asistido por Inteligencia Artificial: Estudio Piloto de Caracterización Lingüística y Psicopatológica en Pacientes Psiquiátricos en Seguimiento Clínico
Resumen
Se presenta un estudio piloto orientado a evaluar la utilidad y precisión diagnóstica de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en psiquiatría mediante el análisis lingüístico asistido por la grabadora de aplicaciones inteligentes AIREC. Se incluyeron 10 pacientes en seguimiento clínico en Guaymas, Sonora, México, con diagnósticos categoriales DSM-5-TR. Los registros de audio fueron transcritos por el dispositivo y procesados con algoritmos de IA (ChatGPT-5, Google Speech-to-Text, DeepSearch). La concordancia diagnóstica con el clínico humano fue del 78%. Las discrepancias se concentraron en la interpretación de prosodia emocional, neologismos y fragmentación narrativa. Este trabajo surge ante la creciente necesidad de herramientas tecnológicas que optimicen los procesos de evaluación psiquiátrica en contextos donde existe escasez de personal especializado. El estudio describe cómo la integración de sistemas de IA permite identificar patrones idiolécticos y lingüísticos asociados a distintos cuadros psicopatológicos, aportando información complementaria al juicio clínico tradicional. Los resultados obtenidos resaltan la importancia de adaptar los algoritmos a factores culturales y contextuales específicos, así como de perfeccionar la detección de matices emocionales en el lenguaje. Los hallazgos sugieren que la IA puede constituir un recurso de apoyo diagnóstico complementario, con potencial de mejorar la precisión y eficiencia en la atención psiquiátrica, especialmente en regiones con recursos limitados y alta demanda de servicios de salud mental.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Carlos Armando Herrera-Huerta , Carlos Armando Herrera-Huerta , Angélica Gándara-López, Pedro Moreno-Gea
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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