Detección temprana y la tasa de diagnóstico de cáncer de cuello uterino: revisión de literatura
Resumen
El cáncer de cuello uterino es una de las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en mujeres a nivel mundial, con un impacto significativo en regiones como Neiva, Colombia. El objetivo de esta revisión fue evaluar el impacto de la detección temprana en la tasa de diagnóstico de cáncer de cuello uterino, mediante el análisis de estudios recientes a nivel global. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura siguiendo los lineamientos PRISMA, incluyendo 78 estudios publicados entre 2015 y 2025, seleccionados en bases de datos internacionales como PubMed, SciELO y ScienceDirect. Los principales hallazgos evidenciaron que las pruebas de detección basadas en ADN del virus del papiloma humano (VPH) superan en sensibilidad a la citología convencional, especialmente cuando se integran innovaciones como la autotoma y la inteligencia artificial. Además, se identificaron barreras socioeconómicas, culturales y de acceso que limitan la participación de las mujeres en los programas de tamizaje, siendo más pronunciadas en poblaciones rurales o vulnerables. Las estrategias más efectivas para mejorar la detección incluyen la educación comunitaria, el uso de recordatorios móviles y la implementación de programas organizados con seguimiento estructurado, contribuyendo así a reducir la incidencia y mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Valentina Ortiz Valderrama, Ana Sofia Ricardo Barrera, Fabian Andres San Miguel Barrera, Juan Esteban Pacheco Bedoya
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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