Depresión en el Trastorno del Espectro Autista: Perspectivas Neurobiológicas, Clínicas y Diagnósticas
Resumen
La depresión constituye una patología grave que afecta la calidad de vida del paciente. En el contexto del Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA), esta condición emerge como una comorbilidad prevalente, la cual exacerba la sintomatología autista e incrementa el riesgo de ideación suicida. Su identificación resulta particularmente compleja debido a manifestaciones atípicas (como irritabilidad o regresión) y a un solapamiento sintomático, factores que conducen a un subdiagnóstico generalizado. En la presente revisión se examinan las bases neurobiológicas subyacentes, como las alteraciones en la conectividad cerebral, los desequilibrios en neurotransmisores, los procesos de neuroinflamación y la disfunción del eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-suprarrenal. Asimismo, se consideran variables clínicas (por ejemplo, las dificultades en el ámbito social) y los desafíos diagnósticos, destacándose la carencia de instrumentos de evaluación validados. Incluso se propone el empleo de un enfoque multimétodo y la implementación de adaptaciones terapéuticas personalizadas, ya que resulta esencial impulsar futuras investigaciones que permitan optimizar su detección, diagnóstico y tratamiento.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Victorino Gilberto Serafín Alatriste Bueno , Jessy Eduardo Méndez Martínez, Paloma Montserrat Rosas Licona

Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.









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