Evaluación del Efecto Antiinflamatorio de Vitamina D y Omega-3 en Cardiopatía Isquémica y Enfermedad Cerebrovascular
Resumen
Las enfermedades cardiovasculares, como la enfermedad isquémica del corazón y la enfermedad vascular cerebral, representan una de las principales causas de mortalidad y están estrechamente relacionadas con procesos inflamatorios que contribuyen a su desarrollo y progresión; en este contexto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto antiinflamatorio de la vitamina D y los ácidos grasos omega-3. Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura científica utilizando PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, incluyendo artículos originales, revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis centrados en efectos antiinflamatorios, función endotelial y eventos cardiovasculares. Los resultados indican que la vitamina D (25-hidroxivitamina D [25(OH)D]) modula la respuesta inflamatoria, el sistema renina-angiotensina y la función endotelial, con mayor impacto en individuos con niveles deficientes. Asimismo, los ácidos grasos omega-3, particularmente el ácido eicosapentaenoico (EPA) y el ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA), presentan efectos antiinflamatorios dependientes de la dosis, generalmente observados entre 1–4 g/día, mediante la reducción de mediadores proinflamatorios, la mejora de los parámetros lipídicos y la producción de mediadores pro-resolutivos. La evidencia científica disponible sugiere que, en conjunto, la vitamina D y los omega-3 constituyen estrategias complementarias para la prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Natalia Sánchez Hernández , Alicia Cervantes Elizarrarás, José Alberto Ariza Ortega, Zuli Calderón Ramos
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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