Impact of Physical Activity on Quality of Life in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Sequelae: A Literature Review
Resumen
Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a significant cause of global morbidity and mortality. Despite successful treatment, chronic sequelae often diminish patients' quality of life. Physical activity has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in this context. Objective: The aim of this literature review is to synthesize scientific evidence regarding the impact of physical activity and pulmonary rehabilitation on the quality of life of patients with post-PTB sequelae. Methods: A narrative systematic review with a comparative approach was conducted, adhering to the PRISMA statement. Searches were performed in databases such as PubMed, ClinicalKey, and Scopus, using a combination of descriptors in English and Spanish. Studies in adults with post-TB sequelae that evaluated the impact of physical activity were included. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and the quality of evidence of the 15 final articles was assessed. Results: The reviewed studies consistently show a positive effect of physical activity in post-TB patients. Significant improvements were identified in pulmonary function (FEV₁), functional capacity (6MWT), and quality of life (measured with SF-36, SGRQ). The evidence also suggests benefits in mental health (reduced anxiety and depression) and indicates that short-duration programs (4-6 weeks) are effective. Conclusion: Physical activity and pulmonary rehabilitation are effective and cost-effective interventions to improve the quality of life of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis sequelae. Their inclusion in post-TB management guidelines is recommended, although more longitudinal research is needed.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Brenda Katherine Rios Cedeño , Maria Camila Cuesta Mera , Laura Valentina Claros Losada , Eison Andrés Barrera Cerón , Ricardo Andrés Novoa Álvarez Novoa Álvarez , Jose Daniel Charry Cuellar
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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