Disposición al cambio organizacional y la cultura de seguridad del paciente en personal operativo y directivo de un hospital de segundo nivel de atención.
Resumen
Introducción: La disposición al cambio y la cultura de seguridad del paciente (CCSP) son críticas para implementar prácticas hospitalarias seguras; su evaluación guía la mejora de la calidad asistencial. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre la disposición al cambio organizacional y la CCSP en personal operativo y directivo de un hospital de segundo nivel de atención. Metodología: Estudio comparativo, observacional, transversal y prospectivo (noviembre de 2024 a enero de 2025). Se incluyó al personal con antigüedad mayor o igual a 6 meses. Se aplicaron de forma anónima los cuestionarios de Holt y de la Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Se utilizó alfa de Cronbach, coeficiente de Spearman, prueba t de Welch y regresión lineal múltiple (alfa = 0.05). Resultados: Se analizaron 414 respuestas con alta confiabilidad (Holt alfa = 0.908; CCSP alfa = 0.807). El porcentaje global de respuestas positivas del CCSP fue del 36.3% (comunicación 48.6%, supervisión 39.1%, reportes 33.3%, e interservicios hospitalarios 20.7%). El desempeño más bajo ocurrió en el intercambio de información entre áreas (media = 2.131; DE = 0.945). La regresión lineal múltiple no identificó asociación significativa entre disposición al cambio y CCSP (beta = -0.014 por cada 10 puntos en Holt; IC95%: -0.0982 a 0.0703; p = 0.7453; R2 = 0.3931). Las correlaciones bivariadas resultaron no significativas (Spearman rho = -0.0651, p = 0.1865). Conclusiones: No existe asociación entre la disposición al cambio individual y la cultura de seguridad hospitalaria. El CCSP global es bajo; el intercambio de información en transiciones y cambios de turno representa el punto crítico estructural que exige un rediseño operativo prioritario.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Jesús Alejandro Rosas Romero , Juan Luis Vázquez Espinoza
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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