Habilidades blandas y salud mental en contextos educativos: Modelo Integrador desde el desarrollo humano
Resumen
El incremento en las alteraciones de la salud mental en el ámbito educativo exige trascender las intervenciones clínico-reactivas tradicionales hacia modelos de promoción y prevención primaria. Desde una perspectiva fenomenológica, el malestar psicológico se comprende como una afectación del mundo de la vida (Lebenswelt) del estudiante, situando a las habilidades blandas no como meras herramientas funcionales de empleabilidad, sino como mediaciones existenciales y modos de estar-en-el-mundo indispensables para la autorregulación y el bienestar. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar críticamente la literatura científica reciente para fundamentar el Modelo Integrador de Promoción de la Salud Mental mediante el Desarrollo de Habilidades Blandas (MIPSM-HB). La metodología empleó un diseño documental analítico; tras identificar 287 registros mediante descriptores específicos en inglés y español, se seleccionó un corpus final de 74 fuentes integradas por artículos empíricos indexados en Scopus y Web of Science, revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis, informes de organismos internacionales y referentes teóricos clásicos. Los resultados demuestran que las competencias socioemocionales actúan como factores protectores clave frente al desgaste y el estrés académico. Se concluye que el modelo MIPSM-HB ofrece una arquitectura conceptual y relacional sólida para transformar las políticas institucionales, posicionando el desarrollo socioemocional como un pilar transversal del desarrollo humano e institucional.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Héctor Manuel Díaz Cuevas , Paulo Daniel Rúa Vázquez, Jayanit Elizabeth Grajeda Santana, José Benjamín Villalvazo Rivera, Mario Alberto Alcocer Escobar, Paulina Barragán Sánchez
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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