Revisión sistemática de sistemas expertos basados en ontologías: marco integral y estudio latinoamericano
Palabras clave:
gestión del conocimiento, integración semántica de datos, motores de inferencia, arquitectura tecnológica, gestión de la incertidumbre
Resumen
Los sistemas expertos basados en ontologías mantienen relevancia porque sus bases de conocimiento semánticamente estructuradas favorecen el razonamiento explícito y la toma de decisiones interpretable. Este estudio realizó una revisión sistemática hermenéutica de 47 trabajos publicados entre 2019 y 2026 para examinar críticamente metodologías actuales de diseño de sistemas expertos basados en ontologías. Se aplicó un marco analítico de cuatro dimensiones: gestión del conocimiento, tratamiento de fuentes de información heterogéneas, diseño del motor de inferencia y arquitectura tecnológica. Con puntuaciones normalizadas entre 0 y 1, el corpus global obtuvo 0.50, 0.42, 0.65 y 0.42, respectivamente, lo que evidenció mayor énfasis metodológico en los mecanismos de inferencia que en la gestión del ciclo de vida del conocimiento, la integración semántica de datos y las arquitecturas orientadas a producción. Solo el 17% de los estudios abordó explícitamente la gestión de la incertidumbre. Posteriormente, el marco se aplicó a un corpus independiente de nueve estudios latinoamericanos, con 0.56, 0.74, 0.72 y 0.57, respectivamente. Los hallazgos revelaron un panorama metodológico fragmentado y la necesidad de enfoques integrados de diseño.
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Publicado
2026-09-10
Cómo citar
Lara Cabrera , M. R., & Obregón, J. (2026). Revisión sistemática de sistemas expertos basados en ontologías: marco integral y estudio latinoamericano. Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar, 10(4), 6413-6446. https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v10i4.25589
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Ciencias de la Salud
Derechos de autor 2026 Mario Rolando Lara Cabrera , Josué Obregón
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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