Diagnóstico temprano y tratamiento de hipotiroidismo congénito
Resumen
El hipotiroidismo congénito es la patología endocrina más frecuente que se presenta en el periodo perinatal que puede causar retraso mental debido a un déficit de hormonas tiroideas. De acuerdo a la localización puede ser primaria, secundaria o central. El objetivo de esta actualización es describir la importancia del diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano del hipotiroidismo congénito que permitirá un neurodesarrollo normal en el paciente pediátrico. Solo del 5 al 10 % de los recién nacidos presentan manifestaciones clínicas al momento del nacimiento, por lo que la realización de una adecuada historia clínica, identificación de factores de riesgo como hipotiroidismo familiar y la realización del tamizaje neonatal es muy importante para su evaluación. En nuestro país desde el año 2011 se ha implementado este programa permitiendo un diagnóstico oportuno y el inicio temprano del tratamiento con levotiroxina para evitar los daños irreversibles producidos por esta patología logrando un excelente pronostico. El seguimiento se debe realizar de manera subsecuente hasta que el paciente llegue a la vida adulta.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Jennifer Marisol Cayambe Quilligana;Ruth Aurelia Mejía Ortiz
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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