Población afrodescendiente como factor de riesgo independiente para el desarrollo de complicaciones de preeclampsia
Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar si pertenecer a la población afrodescendiente es un factor de riesgo independiente para desarrollar complicaciones de preeclampsia. Materiales y método: Estudio de casos y controles, se incluyeron pacientes con PE grave hospitalizadas en el Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación de Medellín (Colombia), entre enero de 2014 y diciembre de 2019. Se compararon pacientes con PE grave complicadas con lesión renal aguda, cardiomiopatía, edema pulmonar, eclampsia, accidente cerebrovascular, hematoma subcapsular hepático, abruptio placentae, ingreso a unidad de cuidados intensivos por complicaciones relacionadas con preeclampsia o muerte, versus pacientes con PE grave que no desarrollaron complicaciones. Se realizó una regresión logística teniendo en cuenta los antecedentes clínicos de riesgo, la calidad de la atención prestada, la presencia de síndrome Hellp, variables consideradas a priori como potencialmente confusoras. Resultados: Se incluyeron 160 casos y 480 controles. Se identificaron 216 complicaciones, siendo las más frecuentes eclampsia y lesión renal aguda. La raza afrodescendiente no se asoció con aumento del riesgo de complicaciones de preeclampsia (OR: 0.91; IC 95% 0.49 – 1.65) mientras que el pertenecer al régimen subsidiado de seguridad social (OR: 1.82; IC 95% 1.14 – 2.88), la falla en la calidad de la atención (OR: 2.08; IC 95% 1.37- 3.15) y la presencia de antecedentes clínicos de riesgo (OR: 1.63; IC 95% 1.09 – 2.67) se asociaron a un aumento del riesgo de desarrollar complicaciones de PE. Conclusión: La raza afrodescendiente no es un factor de riesgo independiente para desarrollar complicaciones de PE.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Christian Camilo Galíndez Guerrero , Carlos Felipe Durán Méndez., John Jairo Zuleta Tobón, Edgar Augusto Arenas Marín
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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