Explorando Disautonomías y Síndrome de Guillain-Barré: Una Perspectiva con Revisión Narrativa de la Literatura

Palabras clave: síndrome de guillain-barré, rehabilitación, disautonomías, hipotensión ortostática, enfermedad del sistema nervioso autónomo

Resumen

El síndrome de Guillain-Barré es reconocido por ser causante de parálisis flácida que puede afectar tanto la musculatura de las extremidades como la musculatura bulbar y su presentación clínica mas común y reconocida es la debilidad; sin embargo, las disautonomías que usualmente acompañan esta condición se relacionan a mayor morbimortalidad y complicaciones graves para el paciente, que pueden afectar diversos sistemas incluyendo cardiovascular, genitourinario, gastrointestinal, entre otros. Este artículo presenta una revisión narrativa de la literatura que explora la información disponible sobre el síndrome de Guillain Barré y las manifestaciones que involucren el sistema nervioso autónomo así como las posibles intervenciones y herramientas que pueden utilizar los profesionales de la salud en rehabilitación, haciendo énfasis en medidas no farmacológicas que podrían prevenir desenlaces graves, así como estrategias educativas para el paciente y su entorno familiar que pueden mejorar la adherencia marcando la diferencia en el curso y desenlace de esta condición.

Descargas

La descarga de datos todavía no está disponible.

Citas

Asahina, M., Kuwabara, S., Suzuki, A., & Hattori, T. (2002). Autonomic function in demyelinating and axonal subtypes of Guillain-Barré syndrome: Autonomic dysfunction in subtypes of GBS. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 105(1), 44-50. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0404.2002.00099.x

Bardram, L., Funch-Jensen, P., & Kehlet, H. (2002). Rapid rehabilitation in elderly patients after laparoscopic colonic resection. British Journal of Surgery, 87(11), 1540-1545. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2168.2000.01559.x}

Bazán-Rodríguez, L., Ruiz-Avalos, J. A., De Saráchaga, A. J., Martinez-Jimenez, E., López-Hernández, J. C., & Vargas-Cañas, S. (2023). Dysautonomia and related outcomes in Guillain-Barre syndrome. Autonomic Neuroscience, 245, 103070.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2022.103070

Berry, M. K., Russo, A., Wishart, J. M., Tonkin, A., Horowitz, M., & Jones, K. L. (2003). Effect of solid meal on gastric emptying of, and glycemic and cardiovascular responses to, liquid glucose in older subjects. American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 284(4), G655-G662. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00163.2002

Burns, T. M., Lawn, N. D., Low, P. A., Camilleri, M., & Wijdicks, E. F. M. (2001). Adynamic ileus in severe Guillain–Barré syndrome. Muscle & Nerve, 24(7), 963-965. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.1095

Camilleri, M. (2021). Gastrointestinal motility disorders in neurologic disease. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 131(4), e143771. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI143771

Craig, A. (2021). Neuropathies. En Braddom’s Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (pp. 842-874.e4). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-62539-5.00041-2

Deng, L.-X., Lan-Cao, Zhang, L.-N., Dun-Tian, Yang-Sun, Qing-Yang, & Yan-Huang. (2022). The effects of abdominal-based early progressive mobilisation on gastric motility in endotracheally intubated intensive care patients: A randomised controlled trial. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 71, 103232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2022.103232

Denq, J.-C., Opfer-Gehrking, T. L., Giuliani, M., Felten, J., Convertino, V. A., & Low, P. A. (1997). Efficacy of compression of different capacitance beds in the amelioration of orthostatic hypotension. Clinical Autonomic Research, 7(6), 321-326.

https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02267725

Dimachkie, M. M., & Barohn, R. J. (2013). Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Variants. Neurologic Clinics, 31(2), 491-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ncl.2013.01.005

Dray, E. V. (2020). The Urologic Impact of Guillain–Barré Syndrome. En J. T. Stoffel & E. V. Dray (Eds.), Urological Care for Patients with Progressive Neurological Conditions (pp. 143-150). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23277-1_16

Flachenecker, P. (1997). Power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability in Guillain-Barre syndrome. A longitudinal study. Brain, 120(10), 1885-1894. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/120.10.1885

Flachenecker, P. (2007). Autonomic dysfunction in Guillain-Barré syndrome and multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurology, 254(S2), II96-II101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-007-2024-3

Flachenecker, P., Lem, K., Müllges, W., & Reiners, K. (2000). Detection of serious bradyarrhythmias in Guillain-Barré syndrome: Sensitivity and specificity of the 24-hour heart rate power spectrum. Clinical Autonomic Research, 10(4), 185-191. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291354

Flachenecker, P., Mullges, W., Wermuth, P., Hartung, H.-P., & Reiners, K. (1996). Eyeball pressure testing in the evaluation of serious bradyarrhythmias in Guillain-Barre syndrome. Neurology, 47(1), 102-108. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.47.1.102

Furness, J. B. (2015). Peripheral Autonomic Nervous System. En The Rat Nervous System (pp. 61-76). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374245-2.00004-8

Garg, M. (2017). Respiratory Involvement in Guillain–Barre Syndrome: The Uncharted Road to Recovery. Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, 08(03), 325-326. https://doi.org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_96_17R1

Gibbon, J. R., & Frith, J. (2021). The effects of caffeine in adults with neurogenic orthostatic hypotension: A systematic review. Clinical Autonomic Research, 31(4), 499-509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-021-00814-5

Gibbons, C. H., Schmidt, P., Biaggioni, I., Frazier-Mills, C., Freeman, R., Isaacson, S., Karabin, B., Kuritzky, L., Lew, M., Low, P., Mehdirad, A., Raj, S. R., Vernino, S., & Kaufmann, H. (2017). The recommendations of a consensus panel for the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension and associated supine hypertension. Journal of Neurology, 264(8), Article 8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-016-8375-x

Gibbons, C. H., & Silvestri, N. J. (2022). Autonomic Dysfunction in Neuromuscular Disorders. En Neuromuscular Disorders (pp. 97-117). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-71317-7.00005-6

Greenland, P. (1980). Arrhythmic Complications in the Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Archives of Internal Medicine, 140(8), 1053. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1980.00330190065021

Gupta, S., Verma, R., Sethi, R., Garg, R. K., Malhotra, H. S., Sharma, P. K., Rizvi, I., & Uniyal, R. (2019). Cardiovascular complications and its relationship with functional outcomes in Guillain–Barré syndrome. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, hcz225. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcz225

Harkel, A. D. J. T., Van Lieshout, J. J., & Wieling, W. (1992). Treatment of orthostatic hypotension with sleeping in the head‐up tilt position, alone and in combination with fludrocortisone. Journal of Internal Medicine, 232(2), 139-145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00563.x

Harms, M. (2011). Inpatient Management of Guillain-Barré Syndrome. The Neurohospitalist, 1(2), 78-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941875210396379

Heseltine, D., Dakkak, M., Woodhouse, K., Macdonald, I. A., & Potter, J. F. (1991). The Effect of Caffeine on Postprandial Hypotension in the Elderly. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 39(2), 160-164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01619.x

Jacobs, B. C., Rothbarth, P. H., Van Der Meché, F. G. A., Herbrink, P., Schmitz, P. I. M., De Klerk, M. A., & Van Doorn, P. A. (1998). The spectrum of antecedent infections in Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case-control study. Neurology, 51(4), 1110-1115.

https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.51.4.1110

Jansen, R. W. M. M. (1995). Postprandial Hypotension: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Management. Annals of Internal Medicine, 122(4), 286. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-4-199502150-00009

Jasti, A. K., Selmi, C., Sarmiento-Monroy, J. C., Vega, D. A., Anaya, J.-M., & Gershwin, M. E. (2016). Guillain-Barré syndrome: Causes, immunopathogenic mechanisms and treatment. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 12(11), 1175-1189.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1744666X.2016.1193006

Jordan, J., & Biaggioni, I. (2002). Diagnosis and Treatment of Supine Hypertension in Autonomic Failure Patients With Orthostatic Hypotension. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 4(2), 139-145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-6175.2001.00516.x

Jordan, J., Shannon, J. R., Black, B. K., Ali, Y., Farley, M., Costa, F., Diedrich, A., Robertson, R. M., Biaggioni, I., & Robertson, D. (2000). The Pressor Response to Water Drinking in Humans: A Sympathetic Reflex? Circulation, 101(5), 504-509. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.101.5.504

Kimoto, K., Koga, M., Odaka, M., Hirata, K., Takahashi, M., Li, J., Gilbert, M., & Yuki, N. (2006). Relationship of bacterial strains to clinical syndromes of Campylobacter-associated neuropathies. Neurology, 67(10), 1837-1843.

https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000244468.22377.6b

Lee, K.-H., Ho, T.-H., Lee, J.-T., Lin, L.-F., Chang, W.-C., Shih, C.-C., & Yang, F.-C. (2020). Paralytic ileus as the presenting symptom for Guillain–Barré syndrome: A case report. Journal of International Medical Research, 48(4), 030006051989316.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060519893169

Lichtenfeld, P. (1971). Autonomic dysfunction in the Guillain-Barré syndrome. The American Journal of Medicine, 50(6), 772-780. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(71)90185-9

Lipp, A., Tank, J., Franke, G., Arnold, G., Luft, F. C., & Jordan, J. (2005). Osmosensitive mechanisms contribute to the water drinking-induced pressor response in humans. Neurology, 65(6), 905-907. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000176060.90959.36

Mitchell, P. L., & Meilman, E. (1967). The mechanism of hypertension in the Guillain-Barré syndrome. The American Journal of Medicine, 42(6), 986-995. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(67)90079-4

Mukerji, S., Aloka, F., Farooq, M. U., Kassab, M. Y., & Abela, G. S. (2009). Cardiovascular Complications of the Guillain-Barré Syndrome. The American Journal of Cardiology, 104(10), 1452-1455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.06.069

Naphade, P. U., Verma, R., Garg, R. K., Singh, M., Malhotra, H. S., & Shankwar, S. N. (2012). Prevalence of bladder dysfunction, urodynamic findings, and their correlation with outcome in Guillain‐Barre syndrome. Neurourology and Urodynamics, 31(7), 1135-1140.

https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.22236

Pfeiffer, G., Schiller, B., Kruse, J., & Netzer, J. (1999). Indicators of dysautonomia in severe Guillain-Barré syndrome. Journal of Neurology, 246(11), 1015-1022.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s004150050506

Puvi-Rajasingham, S., & Mathias, C. J. (1996). Effect of meal size on postprandial blood pressure and on postural hypotension in primary autonomic failure. Clinical Autonomic Research, 6(2), 111-114. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291232

Rodriguez, G. M., & Stiens, S. A. (2021). Neurogenic Bowel. En Braddom’s Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (pp. 407-430.e4). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-62539-5.00021-7

Sakakibara, R., Uchiyama, T., Kuwabara, S., Mori, M., Ito, T., Yamamoto, T., Awa, Y., Yamaguchi, C., Yuki, N., Vernino, S., Kishi, M., & Shirai, K. (2009). Prevalence and mechanism of bladder dysfunction in Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Neurourology and Urodynamics, 28(5), 432-437. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.20663

Sakakibara, R., Uchiyama, T., Tamura, N., Kuwabara, S., Asahina, M., & Hattori, T. (2007). Urinary retention and sympathetic sphincter obstruction in axonal Guillain–Barré syndrome. Muscle & Nerve, 35(1), 111-115. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.20639

Sejvar, J. J., Baughman, A. L., Wise, M., & Morgan, O. W. (2011). Population Incidence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neuroepidemiology, 36(2), 123-133. https://doi.org/10.1159/000324710

Shannon, J. R., Diedrich, A., Biaggioni, I., Tank, J., Robertson, R. M., Robertson, D., & Jordan, J. (2002). Water drinking as a treatment for orthostatic syndromes. The American Journal of Medicine, 112(5), 355-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(02)01025-2

Shin, I. J., Baer, A. N., Kwon, H. J., Papadopoulos, E. J., & Siegel, J. N. (2006). Guillain‐Barré and Miller Fisher syndromes occurring with tumor necrosis factor α antagonist therapy. Arthritis & Rheumatism, 54(5), 1429-1434. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.21814

Ten Harkel, A. D. J., Van Lieshout, J. J., & Wieling, W. (1994). Effects of Leg Muscle Pumping and Tensing on Orthostatic Arterial Pressure: A Study in Normal Subjects and Patients with Autonomic Failure. Clinical Science, 87(5), 553-558. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0870553

Tougas, G. (1999). The Autonomic Nervous System in Functional Bowel Disorders. Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology, 13(suppl a), 15A-17A. https://doi.org/10.1155/1999/707105

Van Lieshout, J. J., Ten Harkel, A. D. J., & Wieling, W. (1992). Physical manoeuvres for combating orthostatic dizziness in autonomic failure. The Lancet, 339(8798), 897-898. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)90932-S

Vernino, S., Lew, M., & Kremens, D. (2017). Managing supine hypertension in a patient with non-diabetic autonomic neuropathy receiving droxidopa for neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. Clinical Autonomic Research, 27(S1), 35-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-017-0436-4

Watson, L., Aziz, M., Vassallo, G., Plant, N. D., & Webb, N. J. A. (2014). Bladder dysfunction and hypertension in children with Guillain–Barre syndrome. Pediatric Nephrology, 29(9), 1637-1641. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-014-2799-2

Weinberg, A. D. (1995). Dehydration: Evaluation and Management in Older Adults. JAMA, 274(19), 1552. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03530190066035

Willner, A., Teske, C., Hackert, T., & Welsch, T. (2023). Effects of early postoperative mobilization following gastrointestinal surgery: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BJS Open, 7(5), zrad102. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsopen/zrad102

Wosnitzer, M. S., Walsh, R., & Rutman, M. P. (2009). The use of sacral neuromodulation for the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention secondary to Guillain-Barré syndrome. International Urogynecology Journal, 20(9), 1145-1147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-009-0826-9

Zaeem, Z., Siddiqi, Z. A., & Zochodne, D. W. (2019). Autonomic involvement in Guillain–Barré syndrome: An update. Clinical Autonomic Research, 29(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-018-0542-y

Zhang, Q., Gu, Z., Jiang, J., Bai, X., Feng, Y., Huang, Z., Zhou, D., & Liu, L. (2010). Orthostatic hypotension as a presenting symptom of the Guillain–Barré syndrome. Clinical Autonomic Research, 20(3), 209-210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-009-0048-8

Zion, A. S., De Meersman, R., Diamond, B. E., & Bloomfield, D. M. (2003). A home-based resistance-training programusing elastic bands for elderly patientswith orthostatic hypotension. Clinical Autonomic Research, 13(4), 286-292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-003-0117-3

Zochodne, D. W. (1994). Autonomic involvement in Guillain–Barre syndrome: A review. Muscle & Nerve, 17(10), 1145-1155. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.880171004

Martínez Pérez , S. I. (2022). La Protección de la Propiedad Intelectual y la Piratería en Línea. Estudios Y Perspectivas Revista Científica Y Académica , 2(1), 74–95. https://doi.org/10.61384/r.c.a.v2i1.10

López Vargas, G., & Rodríguez García, J. C. (2021). Enfermería en Contexto de Trabajo en Salud Pública en América Latina. Revista Científica De Salud Y Desarrollo Humano, 2(1), 51–66. https://doi.org/10.61368/r.s.d.h.v2i1.14

Cruz Rosas, J., & Oseda Gago, D. (2022). Design thinking en la creatividad de los estudiantes de administración de empresas, en una universidad de Trujillo – 2020. Emergentes - Revista Científica, 2(1), 57–70. https://doi.org/10.37811/erc.v1i2.13

Chavarría Oviedo, F. A., & Avalos Charpentier, K. (2022). English for Specific Purposes Activities to Enhance Listening and Oral Production for Accounting . Sapiencia Revista Científica Y Académica , 2(1), 72–85. https://doi.org/10.61598/s.r.c.a.v2i1.31

Sethi, P., Sonawane, S., Khanwalker, S., Keskar, R. B. (2017). Automatic text summarization of news articles. 2017 International Conference on Big Data, IoT and Data Science (BID), pp. 23–29.

Publicado
2024-01-31
Cómo citar
Salazar Lengua , C., Barrios García , C., & Castelblanco, Y. S. (2024). Explorando Disautonomías y Síndrome de Guillain-Barré: Una Perspectiva con Revisión Narrativa de la Literatura. Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar, 8(1), 244-259. https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v8i1.9412
Sección
Ciencias de la Salud