Factores de Riesgo Asociados al Desarrollo de Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 en Adolescentes
Resumen
El presente estudio aborda la creciente preocupación por la Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DMT2) de inicio en la juventud, cuya prevalencia ha aumentado significativamente a nivel mundial y regional en las últimas décadas. El objetivo principal fue analizar los factores de riesgo asociados a su desarrollo en adolescentes mediante una revisión bibliográfica sistemática de estudios médico-científicos y estadísticas epidemiológicas. La metodología se basó en la recopilación, análisis y síntesis de información publicada en bases de datos académicas y reportes de organizaciones de salud, asegurando la accesibilidad y fiabilidad de los datos. Los hallazgos principales confirman que la DMT2 juvenil es una condición multifactorial y de progresión agresiva. Se identificaron factores de riesgo clave que interactúan sinérgicamente: biológicos y genéticos (obesidad, predisposición genética, exposición intrauterina), conductuales y de estilo de vida (sedentarismo, hábitos alimentarios no saludables, patrones de sueño alterados), y familiares y sociales (bajo nivel socioeconómico, determinantes sociales, factores psicosociales y de salud mental). La interacción de estos elementos, particularmente la obesidad y la resistencia a la insulina, acelera la disfunción y destrucción de las células beta pancreáticas. Se enfatiza la necesidad de implementar estrategias de prevención basadas en la identificación temprana de riesgo y modificaciones del estilo de vida.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Edward Saul Saraguro Calberto, Juleysi Estefanía González Romero , Edgar Alexander Salazar Calva
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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