Análisis Bibliométrico de las Transfusiones Sanguíneas en Mascotas
Resumen
En las últimas dos décadas, la hemoterapia veterinaria ha pasado de un uso empírico a protocolos basados en evidencia científica, impulsados por el avance de la inmunohematología. Sin embargo, la investigación sigue concentrada en países desarrollados, lo que limita la estandarización global. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo de investigación analizar la evolución, tendencias y vacíos de la hemoterapia veterinaria en pequeños animales, con énfasis en la seguridad transfusional, la compatibilidad inmunohematológica y la calidad de los hemocomponentes, para identificar oportunidades de estandarización y fortalecimiento de prácticas clínicas seguras y sostenibles. Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico en Web of Science Core Collection desde 2004 hasta la actualidad, aplicando diagrama de flujo PRISMA y herramientas como VOSviewer y R para mapear producción, impacto y redes de colaboración. Los resultados muestran un incremento significativo mayor al 100% en la producción científica a partir de 2019, con un máximo en 2021. Las revistas más influyentes fueron Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine y Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care. Temáticamente, destacan los consensos sobre anemia hemolítica inmunomediada, la seguridad transfusional en donantes felinos, las técnicas de autotransfusión y las pruebas rápidas de compatibilidad. la hemoterapia veterinaria presenta una consolidación sostenida, aunque persisten vacíos en la caracterización de antígenos minoritarios, la validación de la leucorreducción y el desarrollo de protocolos adaptados a regiones emergentes.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Lorena Guamán Guamán, Dioselina Esmeralda Pimbosa Ortiz, Matilde Lorena Zapata Saavedra
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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