Ehrlichiosis y anaplasmosis, revisión de tema sobre una enfermedad atípica emergente en humanos

Palabras clave: infección, inmunidad, vectores, fiebre

Resumen

Introducción: La ehrlichiosis humana y la anaplasmosis son enfermedades febriles agudas transmitidas por garrapatas causadas por varios miembros de los géneros Ehrlichia y Anaplasma. Las infecciones emergentes con nuevas especies de Ehrlichia y Anaplasma se han diagnosticado con más frecuencia en humanos, ya que los reservorios animales y los vectores de garrapatas han aumentado en número y la presencia de poblaciones humanas habitando áreas donde se encuentran reservorios de estas ello favorece su transmisibilidad. Revision de tema: La ehrlichiosis monocitotrópica humana (HME) y la anaplasmosis granulocítica humana (HGA) tienen presentaciones clínicas similares, que incluyen fiebre, dolor de cabeza, anomalías hematológicas (p. ej., leucopenia y trombocitopenia) y enzimas hepáticas elevadas. Las manifestaciones neurológicas se informan con mayor frecuencia con HME. Al igual que otras enfermedades infecciosas, el cultivo de Ehrlichia y Anaplasma es el estándar de oro en el diagnóstico de HME y HGA. Sin embargo, el aislamiento primario puede demorar varias semanas. Se sugiere un diagnóstico mediante la visualización de mórulas intracitoplasmáticas en neutrófilos en pacientes que residen o viajan a un área endémica. El tratamiento básicamente está basado en el uso de la doxiciclina.

 Discusion y Conclusiones: La descripcion de este tipo de infecciones puede pasar desapercibido en pacientes con cuadros que pueden ser infra valorados o comportarse como una simuladora de otros procesos infecciosos. La prevencion es la medida fundamental para evitar la aparicion de cuadros por este tipo de germenes intracelulares.

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Publicado
2022-06-15
Cómo citar
Theran León , J. S., Dulcey Sarmiento, L. A., Saenz Sandoval, E., Jaimes Martinez, E. M., Gutiérrez Gómez, E. A., Ordoñez Llanes, K., & Gil Sierra, D. J. (2022). Ehrlichiosis y anaplasmosis, revisión de tema sobre una enfermedad atípica emergente en humanos. Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar, 6(3), 2067-2083. https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v6i3.2358
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