Ehrlichiosis y anaplasmosis, revisión de tema sobre una enfermedad atípica emergente en humanos
Resumen
Introducción: La ehrlichiosis humana y la anaplasmosis son enfermedades febriles agudas transmitidas por garrapatas causadas por varios miembros de los géneros Ehrlichia y Anaplasma. Las infecciones emergentes con nuevas especies de Ehrlichia y Anaplasma se han diagnosticado con más frecuencia en humanos, ya que los reservorios animales y los vectores de garrapatas han aumentado en número y la presencia de poblaciones humanas habitando áreas donde se encuentran reservorios de estas ello favorece su transmisibilidad. Revision de tema: La ehrlichiosis monocitotrópica humana (HME) y la anaplasmosis granulocítica humana (HGA) tienen presentaciones clínicas similares, que incluyen fiebre, dolor de cabeza, anomalías hematológicas (p. ej., leucopenia y trombocitopenia) y enzimas hepáticas elevadas. Las manifestaciones neurológicas se informan con mayor frecuencia con HME. Al igual que otras enfermedades infecciosas, el cultivo de Ehrlichia y Anaplasma es el estándar de oro en el diagnóstico de HME y HGA. Sin embargo, el aislamiento primario puede demorar varias semanas. Se sugiere un diagnóstico mediante la visualización de mórulas intracitoplasmáticas en neutrófilos en pacientes que residen o viajan a un área endémica. El tratamiento básicamente está basado en el uso de la doxiciclina.
Discusion y Conclusiones: La descripcion de este tipo de infecciones puede pasar desapercibido en pacientes con cuadros que pueden ser infra valorados o comportarse como una simuladora de otros procesos infecciosos. La prevencion es la medida fundamental para evitar la aparicion de cuadros por este tipo de germenes intracelulares.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Juan Sebastián Theran León ;Luis Andrés Dulcey Sarmiento;Estephania Saenz Sandoval;Elena María Jaimes Martinez;Eduardo Andrés Gutiérrez Gómez;Kimberley Ordoñez Llanes;Daniel Jesús Gil Sierra
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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