Work absenteeism associated with musculoskeletal disorders in colombian companies

Resumen

Introduction: The increasing incidence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in the Colombian union environment represents a significant challenge in favor of workplace well-being and organizational efficiency. DME, which includes conditions in muscles, tendons, ligaments and joints, has established itself as one of the key reasons for absence from work in the country, affecting both workers in operational and administrative sectors. According to recent data, approximately 35% of applications for work disability in Colombia are related to this type of disorder, which shows its effects on the health of workers and on the direct and indirect costs for organizations. Various studies have indicated that the frequency of signs linked to AMD in Colombian workers can exceed 70%, mainly affecting body areas such as the neck, shoulders and spine. These conditions not only generate pain and functional limitations, but also have an impact on business dynamics, increasing the number of days of disability, decreasing productivity and raising operating costs. Elements such as heavy lifting, prolonged postures, long hours and an inadequate ergonomic environment contribute to the appearance and aggravation of these disorders objective: To analyze absenteeism related to musculoskeletal disorders in Colombian companies, identifying its prevalence, associated factors and impact on productivity, in order to suggest forecasting strategies. Methodology: The study is proposed under a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional approach, with the ideal of analyzing the factors associated with occupational absence due to musculoskeletal disorders in Colombian companies, the type of study is descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective, allowing to record and characterize the cases of absence from work associated with musculoskeletal disorders in a defined period.  Whose population will be active or retired workers of Colombian companies who have presented work disabilities due to musculoskeletal causes in the selected period and source of institutional records of work absenteeism and medical disabilities. RESULTS: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are one of the main sources of occupational absenteeism in Colombian companies, especially in the manufacturing, pharmaceutical and service sectors. It should be noted that the incidence of musculoskeletal signs in workers can reach up to 79.2%, with greater recurrence in the neck, shoulders, dorsal and lumbar spine.