Historia del dengue en las Américas, perspectivas y evolución histórica epidemiológica, así como su horizonte a futuro
Resumen
A pesar de que el virus del dengue se aisló por primera vez en las Américas en 1942, se sabe que ocasionó grandes brotes en el Caribe desde la primera mitad del siglo XVII, así como epidemias continentales o verdaderas pandemias a lo largo de los siglos XIX y XX. La primera gran epidemia de dengue hemorrágico en la región ocurrió en Cuba en 1981, con 24.000 casos de dengue hemorrágico, 10.000 casos de síndrome de shock por dengue y 158 muertes reportadas en un período de tres meses. En el presente trabajo se revisa las características clínicas y epidemiológicas peculiares del dengue en el continente americano. Los diversos factores involucrados en la ocurrencia y extensión de la enfermedad en la región, al igual que el impacto económico y de salud de dicha patología, son también discutidos en extenso. Se revisa las expectativas a futuro en nuestra región para poder determinar cuáles son los nuevos horizontes, estrategias a considerar para la prevención de la enfermedad y principalmente el impacto que ello generara a largo plazo. Estos datos confirman que, a nivel mundial, en la Región de las Américas, la enfermedad de dengue sigue siendo un problema de salud pública y aunque su comportamiento epidemiológico sigue un patrón cíclico de brotes influenciado por múltiples factores, es imperante tener mejores estrategias de vigilancia, diagnóstico y control integrado de vectores que mitiguen su impacto.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Juan Sebastián Theran león ;Luis Andrés Dulcey Sarmiento;Estephania Saenz Sandoval;Hadit Johanna Melo Gómez;Wilson David Mantilla Carreño
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0.
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